Software Vault: The Diamond Collection/The Diamond Collection (Software Vault)(Digital Impact).ISO/cdr14/runesom.zip/RUNESOM.TXT

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Runes and Runemals
 by
  Oyar



THE RUNES

To a far off day, on a far off night, in a far off time, in
Viking land, as the scribe writes of the origin of the
Runes.  The origin of the Runes is of Odin, the principal
Norse god, giving the Runes to mankind after he went through
a spiritual initiation to obtain them.  Odin was hanging
from the ash world tree, Yggdrasill, with his spear piercing
his side.  He hung there nine days and nights when he saw
the Runes in Niflheim (the underworld). He reached down to
take the Runes and then their knowledge gave him power over
all things.

Runes are glyphs (figures, letters) that are carved into a
material.  While some writing was done with them, they were
mostly carved for mystical purposes.   Runes traveled to
many lands and underwent many transformations to accommodate
the local language as a writing tool.  The glyphs known as
the Elder Futhark (F U Th A R K are the first six letters)
are presented here as being one of the oldest, most mystic,
and most commonly used in divination.  The Germanic names of
these Viking Runes are given as well as their common literal
translation(s) and the equivalent modern letter.  The
important meaning for divination is the symbolic one and it
is this esoteric meaning under the headings of Fundamental,
Objective, and Subjective that is worked with.


GLOSSARY OF TERMS

RUNE  1) a letter in the old Norse alphabet:  2) same as
Runestone  3) something written or inscribed with such
characters to record a message or spell;  4) a mystical poem

RUNESTONE  1) a small object  inscribed with a single
runestave to be used in divination  2) something that has
Runes inscribed on it

RUNES  1) referring to Runestones as used in divination

RUNESTAVE  1) the actual letter outline or glyph that is a
Rune

RUNEMEISTER 1) one who is adept at using Runes.  The word is
the same as Runemaster and has its origins in the Old Norse
word "rynstr" of the same meaning.

RUNECRAFT  1) the use of Runes in sympathetic magic to cause
effects on the physical plane

RUNECAST  1) the drawing and laying out of Runes for the
purposes of divination

RUNEMAL  1) the tableau or layout of a Runecast  2) the
actual Runecast, as in to cast a Runemal

RUNIC  1) of or pertaining to Runes  2) Rune like decorative
effect on materials  3) magical, mystical, arcane, or
obscure

AETTIR  1) division of eight  2) the three major divisions
of the Runes

AETT  1) singular of aettir

INVOKING THE POWER

Tradition is important, important enough that Jung even
named a variation of it "the collective unconscious."  The
oldest recorded use (and hence known tradition) of Runes in
divination has a head-man carving the Runes into chips cut
from branches.  In front of the tribe the head man then drew
three of the chips and interpreted them.  There was no
mystic ritual, no sacred incantations, and no magic or
blessed tool used to carve the Runes.  That is the approach
followed here, the power is in the Runes,  not associated
paraphernalia.  I feel psychic powers come from within, or
more exactly that a person channels them; acting like a
transistor where a small amount of power controls a much
larger amount.  A such trappings (e.g. paraphernalia,
ceremonies, ambiance, etc.) are only aids (extra transistor
backup, you don't normally hear of the paraphernalia  taking
independent action on their own) and not the end in itself.
This is why so many different systems work, many things can
be conditioned or attuned to being aids.  Trappings are very
useful aids as most humans do not have enough psychic
strength on an ongoing basis to be able to depend on their
mental powers alone.   The earliest known aids to Runestone
divination were almost nonexistent, everything else you
might come across as tradition in association with the Runes
is of more recent origin.  Some people will feel they know a
lot more about controlling and using psychic forces than I
give here.  Everything needed is given here, but if you feel
something else is important, then it is for you, and you
should follow through on it; otherwise you will be working
with conflicting vibes within yourself when congruency is of
the utmost importance.  Call the extras you add as fine
tuning the Runes to your standard, it's what you believe and
are comfortable with that matters.


Runestones work!  They cannot be proved scientifically at
the moment because not enough is known about psychic forces
to do the replicable type of experiment currently required
as scientific proof.  This doesn't mean that Runes don't
work, just that their power cannot be proved by the current
standards and abilities of scientific evidence.  It is also
true that the power of the Runes cannot be disproved; lack
of proper scientific proof does not mean something does not
exist, (nor do failed scientific experiments,) no matter how
much "scientific" types rant and wail to the contrary.
Anecdotal evidence is voluminous and the fact that this type
of evidence is not considered scientifically acceptable does
not prove that psychic forces do not exist.  There is no
direct scientific proof that psychic forces don't exist but
there are scientific experiments that cannot be explained
"scientifically" other than through the workings of an
unknown factor (such as the psychic)!  The proof of the
Power of Runestones comes to those who use them.  It is seen
through the feel and revelation of their power.  Once you
know the power of the force, then you need fear no man's
scorn!  No one can be more knowledgeable than you about
something that is unprovable.  May the Force be with you!


THE RUNESTONES
ASCII text presents some problems in recording a picture so
Runes will be represented throughout by their phonetic
values as shown just below here in their aettir. (So the
Rune Fehu is written here as F.)  A picture of each Rune
will be rendered later when the meanings of the Runes are
discussed individually.  Runes are very easy to draw as they
are all formed by straight lines that were meant to be
carved into materials such as wood, stone, or metal.  If you
feel more comfortable with a picture why not skip ahead and
draw out all the Runes on a piece of paper along with it's
corresponding letter next to it.

  Freyja's Eight
     F   U   Th  A   R   K   G   W

  Hagal's Eight
     H   N   I   J  Y  P   Z   S

  Tyr's Eight
     T   B   E  M   L   Ng  D   O


AETTIR
The Runes are divided into three aettir (groupings) of eight
Runes each plus the Rune Wyrd, the Rune of Fate.  The first
aett deals with creative growth and is femininely named
after the goddess of fertility and creativity, Freyja.  The
third aett deals with worldly concerns and is masculinely
named after the god of justice and war, Tyr.  The glyphs of
the second aett all represent forces of nature, forces that
even the gods are subject to, and is simply named after the
first glyph, Hagal.  Each aett is divided in half.  The left
half deals with the material plane and the right half with
the spiritual plane.  There is a progression of the theme
from the centre outwards each time.

The left half of Freyja's Eight (material plane creative
growth) deals with the development of a project.
 F (Fehu)    U (Uruz)     Th (Thurisaz)     A (Ansuz)
Reading outward from A to Th to U to F we start with A
(Ansuz) which represents ideas just forming.  The next step
is Th (Thurisaz) which is making decisions on the
information that we have.  Then comes U (Uruz) which is now
putting these decisions into effect.  The final Rune is F
(Fehu) and is the reaping the rewards of the project.

The right half of Freyja's Eight ( spiritual plane creative
growth) deals with the progress of a warrior's successful
journey to Valhalla.
 R (Raido)     K (Kano)     G (Gebo)     W (Wunjo)
Reading outward from R to K to G to W we start with R
(Raido), a long journey on horseback; which already has the
traditional meaning of a warrior's journey to Valhalla.
Here at the beginning of the journey, it also stands for a
brave death on the battlefield, the beginning of the soul
journey.  Having been picked up and transported by the
Valkyrie is the next step K (Kano), arriving, being one of
the special ones that made it.  (Souls of common people that
didn't bravely die on the battlefield are relegated to the
underworld.)  Once in Valhalla the brave warrior is given
his just reward by the gods: non-stop feasting and fighting.
This is exactly the meaning of the next Rune; G (Gebo) which
meant gifts from the gods or leaders to loyal followers.
The final step is Ragnarok, the mother of all battles at the
end of the earth as we know it that will bring about
ultimate bliss, W (Wunjo.)

The left half of Hagal's Eight deals with disruptive natural
forces, from the least to the most destructive.
 H (Hagalaz)     N (Nauthiz)     I (Isa)     J(Jera)
Reading outward from J to I to N to H we find the mildest
disruptive force in J (Jera) which just warns to be a little
patient, all will turn out well in a little time.  Then I
(Isa) says forget about time, you have a problem to deal
with.  Next N (Nauthiz) warns that that this is a very
serious problem where you won't come out unscathed, but you
can still come out on top.  H (Hagalaz) says serious changes
are happening.  The redeeming factor is that while serious
changes (of lifestyle, etc.) are contemplated they need not
be unhappy ones.  Marriage or a new child signals serious
changes that are happy but highly disruptive to a previous
lifestyle.

The right half of Hagal's Eight deals with spiritual saving
forces right from the simplest of hard work to the ultimate
Life Force.
 Y (Eiwaz)     P (Perth)     Z (Algiz)     S (Sowelo)
Reading outward from Y to P to Z to S the simplest
spiritualist force of inner strength through right action is
found in Y (Eiwaz).  Then we come to being down right lucky
in P (Perth).  This luck seems to be attracted to people who
work hard and know breaks will come along; meaning higher
forces are at work.  Then comes Z (Algiz) which are saving /
healing forces that are assisted by the gods and as such are
very powerful.  Finally of course is S (Sowelo), the driving
life force, the ultimate of all forces.

The left half of Tyr's Eight (material plane worldly
concerns) deals with things important to you.  It progresses
from dealings with the people least important, those of the
general community, to the person of utmost importance,
yourself.
 T (Tiewaz)     B (Berkana)     E (Ehwaz)     M (Mannaz)
Reading outward from M to E to B to T we first deal with M
(Mannaz) who are strangers and the world at large.  Then
comes E (Ehwaz), people of our tribal bonding, the people
that we know and recognize as our own on an extended basis.
B (Berkana) gets close to home as these are our significant
others that we feel special about.  Terminating in T
(Tiewaz), the person we feel most special about, ourselves.

The right half of Tyr's Eight (spiritual plane worldly
concerns) traces the meaning of life.
 L (Laguz)     Ng (Inguz)     D (Dagaz)     O (Othila)
Reading outward from L to Ng to D to O we start with L
(Laguz) as in the first step in procreation.  We then have
conception with Ng (Inguz).  This leads to birth D (Dagaz)
and our most important legacy O (Othila).


THE RUNE WYRD
The Rune Wyrd has a special place in Runemals.  This
Runestone is actually a blank piece but it is often more
practical to depict it as a rectangular frame surrounding a
blank field.  It is outside the three aettir just as fate is
outside the realm of man and the forces of nature.  The Rune
signifies that things are going according to the prevailing
forces.  Do not underestimate the value of this Rune!  It
brings the same clarifying dynamics to Runemals as the
addition of the number "0"  (or even the representation of
fractions as decimals ) did to numbering systems.  Learn to
respect it and recognize its message that strong forces are
at work.

The classic Buddhist formula is "this existing, that
arises."  The Huna also understood this and always said of
their divination that what they saw was the outcome only if
no one did anything to change it.  This is the same with
Runemals.  Once you know the current prognosis you can do
things to change events.

How easy is it to change things?  On a personal level it is
the easiest; after that the more people involved the harder
it is.  The Zen koan: "if a tree falls in the forest and no
one hears it, was there  a sound?" questions one extreme;
does it even exist if no one was involved.  Another extreme
such as one person wishing very hard to be the king of
England is ostensibly doomed to failure.  It is the psychic
wish of one going against the psychic contentment (albeit
most often subconscious) of millions about the "rightness"
of  the status quo.  Similarly with wishing to win a
lottery.  How can your voice be heard above the clutter of
voices all asking the same thing, but pulling in different
directions as to who the winner should be?  Whether you can
change the ordained fate depends on how much physical and
psychic energy you can mount against the prevailing forces.
The Rune Wyrd is a good indicator that strong forces are at
work and the ordained outcome assured.


RUNESTONE SETS
The Rune Stones can be of any material and glyphs can be
inscribed in any manner.  Care must be taken that individual
pieces cannot be distinguished by touch. The Rune Stones
must also "feel right" to the Runemeister so that they are
not approached during a Runemal with a negative attitude.
An often easy way to achieve good feelings is for the
Runemeister to make his own set of Runestones (the quality
of construction of the individual stones is irrelevant to
their effectiveness unless the Runemeister perceives it
differently.)

A very traditional set is made of wood with the Runes first
being carved into the wood and then applying paint inside
the carved area to make it stand out.  For non-handy city
dwellers small seasoned hardwood boards can be purchased at
lumber yards and home repair centers.  These stores will
often also cut up boards to your specifications, charging on
a per cut or some other basis.  This is a great easy way to
get nice uniform pieces as long as you don't mind having to
explain to the store clerk why you want to destroy a
beautiful piece of wood by turning it into little chips.
Saying you want to repair a marquetry floor might be such a
good excuse, but I haven't tried it.  The chips can be any
size keeping in mind ease of handling of individual pieces
as well as carrying around a whole twenty five piece set of
them.  They should also be longer on the side so that you
don't pick them up sideways.  My set is 7/8" across the
bottom base, 1 1/2" high, and 1/4" thick (cut up from a
hardwood board).  Think about the sizes that domino makers
have come up with as they face the same size problems.  The
next step, carving the Runes into the wood, is optional as
to do it safely and well you really should be skilled with
tools.  Exacto hobby carving tools are an inexpensive way to
carve and should give superior results to a knife (but
either of these methods is not recommended if you are
inexperienced as serious accidents can easily happen).
Dremel hand held power tools with a rotary bit make carving
easier if you have a steady hand to make a straight line.
These tools can be purchased at hobby stores.  A flex shaft
attachment for power drill might be a bit harder to control
but who says the lines have to be perfect, the original Rune
carvers sure didn't worry about making perfect shaped
glyphs.  Again, if you are not familiar with using tools,
forget about the carving for safety sake and just paint the
Runes on.  The traditional paint color is red, probably both
for mystical reasons and because a permanent red was the
easiest color for the ancients to manufacture.  Any color
you feel comfortable with will do.  My set sports black
paint because I made my Runes years ago, long before I came
across that red was the traditional color.

A rough and ready quick set of Runestones can be made by
marking up ordinary playing cards.  A marker like Banford's
Sharpie sold in stationary and other stores to mark
difficult surfaces such as metal is ideal. It looks like a
felt tip pen, applies easily like a felt tip pen, makes a
heavy black line that stands out, and adheres to the slick
surface.  (The Sharpie will also work on hardwood and can be
used instead of paint.)  The serious drawback  to cards is
that care must be taken when scuffling the deck to keep
reversing parts of it so that the Runestaves are given the
opportunity to come either side up.


RUNECAST  INSTRUCTIONS
The Runestones are put in a container (a cloth bag is great)
and drawn out according to the desired Runemal.  A Runemal
is a tableau or layout that is followed for the divination.
Just before and during the drawing the Runemeister should
quiet his mind and think only on the question asked.  An
easy way to quiet oneself is to gently take a deep breath
and let it out slowly.

The individual stones can be drawn in one of two manners
according to the preference of the Runemeister.  The first
method is to keep drawing stones until the Runemal is
complete.  The second method is draw a stone, note it, and
return it to the container. This way the same stone can be
redrawn to appear multiple times in a Runemal.  The
advantage of the second method is that it is easier to get a
clearer message; which must be weighted against the
disadvantage of having to keep track of the stones drawn as
opposed to being able to see them all spread out.

Divination reverses the normal rule of success being 10%
inspiration and 90% perspiration to a rule of  10%
perspiration and 90% inspired (revealed) intuition.


INTERPRETATION OF INDIVIDUAL RUNES
Each Rune has a basic theme that is listed as its
Fundamental Meaning.  To make interpretation easier this
theme is then broken down into an Objective Interpretation
and a Subjective Interpretation as secondary meanings.  The
secondary themes add scope, breath and show range of
meaning.

The (primary) FUNDAMENTAL MEANING is always read in
conjunction with the secondary interpretations to get the
full rounded meaning.
The (secondary) OBJECTIVE INTERPRETATION is outer directed.
The (secondary) SUBJECTIVE INTERPRETATION is inner directed.

A Runestone can be drawn with the glyph either upright or
upside down.  The meanings change according to which end is
up.  The upright and reversed secondary interpretations can
be looked at as poles of a continuum and are given here.
The reverse of Fundamental meanings is not listed but means
there will be problems with the theme, or going through
problems in connection with the theme.  In general a
reversed Rune is fundamentally an indication of strong
change of direction and since it is human nature to find
change upsetting the connotation of a reversed Rune is most
often negative,  but it need not be.  Whether a Rune has a
positive or negative connotation and where it might be along
a continuum is mediated as being part of a total Runemal.

RUNEMAL FORMS
Runemal Forms are an excellent way of preserving a  Runemal
and are especially efficient if each drawn stone is returned
to the container before the next draw. A Runemal Form is
nothing more than a piece of paper with boxes printed on it
in the shape of the tableau you are Runecasting. If the
Runestones are all being drawn out (without returning any to
the container) it is better to do this at once with the
Runemal Form at the side.  Then as you give the
interpretation write in the Rune you are working with.  This
is a nice touch as it helps keep the inquirer involved and
following what you are doing. A more dramatic (but more
skill needed) variation would be to give your interpretation
as you draw the Runestones from their container and then
give a review of what you have said as you write the Runes
on the Runemal Form.

Runemal Forms keep things neat and tidy.  You can have
spaces to write in the inquirer's name, reason for the
Runemal, date, your interpretation, and whatever else you
think important.  One of the most important things are your
name and phone number so that you can be contacted again.
Forms are much better than a business card.  Business cards
routinely get thrown away but something that contains a
personal reading will be kept for a long time.  Writing a
Runemal on the back of a business card will do in a pinch
but it lacks the drama and impact of a nicely printed
Runemal Form as well as looking a little small, cramped, and
ineffectual.  If you are not in the full time divination
business a nice practice to revive is the having of social
calling cards with your name and address on them. Then if
you are caught in a situation without any forms,  you can
always write the Runemal on the back of your calling card
(some of which you should always have with you.)

A Runemal Form filling an standard 8 1/2 X 11 letter size
sheet is a nice touch.  It is plenty big to put everything
on the front.  If you make it fancy enough it will look nice
framed and be a treasured memento of a wedding, birth,
opening or other special event where you Runecast the future
of that event.

My favorite format is a 3X5 card.  I buy standard completely
blank 3X5 index cards at a stationary store and then use a
photocopier to print my Runemal Form on one side. The form
consists of the name of the Runemal at the top of one of the
3" sides.  Below that is a line on which to write the
inquirer's name and below that another line on which to
record the Runecasting date..  The blocked out Runemal is
below and at the bottom a line on which to sign as the
Runemeister. Just below the signature line is my name and
phone number.  For a divination I will start by writing out
at 3" top of the reverse side the inquirer's first name in
Runes. Any specific question asked or special circumstance
can be noted here at the top of the reverse side of the
card.  A long horizontal line is then drawn under this.
Then the card is turned over and the inquirer's name and the
day's date are entered on their appropriate lines.  It's
useful to have the inquirer's name in sight because if you
are doing a number of strange people at once it helps keep
straight who is in front of you at the moment. After doing
the Runemal I fill in the blocks, flip over the card  and
write a summarization or any cogent comments that I would
like to make about the Runemal under the drawn line, flip
the card back to front, sign it, and hand the card to the
inquirer to actively signify the end of the divination. A
format such as a 3X5 inch card is a good memento to be taken
away by the person for whom the Runecast was done.

The 3X5 card format is also a good one to improvise on if no
printed forms are available as packages of these can be
purchased everywhere. Usually it's cards that are printed
with lines on one side but that's all right.  On the printed
side you can put the inquirer's name in large Runes above
the red line and write in the reason for the divination in
the normally spaced lines below.  On the blank side you can
freehand write in the Runemal and other information that you
might want.  Not as pretty as a printed form but very
readily available.

The most ubiquitous form is the one for Tyr's Sword.
Smaller Runemals can be judiciously recorded within it and
Runestaves can readily be added freehand to record a Runic
Circle.


THE RUNIC ALPHABET
The ancient Runic glyph users were not enthusiastic writers
but that shouldn't deter us.  The phonetic values of the
Runes are not used in divination as are the Runes esoteric
meanings and as such the alphabet is of value here in
providing a warm human touch.  People seem to love to see
their names written in another language or alphabet.  When
doing a Runecast for someone it is a nice touch to not only
give them a written copy of the Runemal but to also further
personalize it by writing out their name in Runestaves.  If
using the 3X5 Runemal Forms suggested here then the person's
name can be written in large Runestaves at the top of the
reverse side, just before writing out the person's question
or general interpretation if no question was asked.  The
effect of all of this should be a reinforcement that this
Runemal is special, unique, and individual for them

The problem is that we are facing two languages here, an
ancient Germanic tongue and modern English, each with it's
own vocabulary of sounds and inflections of those sounds.
Not that much is directly known about the pronunciation of
ancient languages but English sure presents a problem in
it's irregularity.  The example I keep coming across is that
a word pronounced as "fish" can be written as "ghoti".  This
is if you use the gh from enough, the o from women, and the
ti from nation.  Actually since both languages evolved from
the same Germanic branch of the base Indo-European root
language it is possisble to get a nice correspondence
between most letters and Runestaves.  What I will discuss
next is a reasonable adaptation of problem areas.

The first problem is that the Runes have two glyphs for
variations on the letter E sound while we only have the one.
Ehwaz with it's short E sound is commonly used for the
letter E so that will be used here.  We then have Eiwaz with
it's sound somewhere between E and I.  While Y as a
consonant has it's own unique sound, as a vowel it fits in
quite well.  My dictionary writes out "leisurely"
phonetically as "le-shur-le" with the long E sound making
the first and last syllables as identical sounds. Eiwaz as
the letter Y is a good solution that is used here.

Next we have some Runic glyphs whose sound in English is
written by letter combinations.  This is not really a
problem as you can substitute the appropriate Runestave for
the letter combination rather than doggedly making one to
one substitutions.  The Runic glyph Inguz has the English
"Ng" sound and is a direct substitute for "ing", as found so
often at the end of words.  Inguz is shown as ng because
sometimes it is found as "eng" at the beginning of words
such english and England.  The other Runic glyph involved
here is Thurisaz and is a substitute for "th".  With a
little care these substitutions should present no
difficulties.

Finally comes the problem of English having more letters;
such as that no equivalent exist for a letter such as C.
The solution is to substitute a Runestave with a close
equivalent sound.  The Roman letter C by tradition is often
considered the forerunner of the Runestave Kano because of
it's shape and similarity of sound; good enough reasons to
use Kano for C.  The letter Q can also be represented by
Kano and the letter V has a similar sound in Fehu.  The
letter X does not have a close sound but most words in
English starting with X are pronounced as Z; and in a least
one of the latter expanded Runic alphabets the Elder Futhark
glyph for X is considered to be Z, so that Z appears to be a
good substitute.  Symbolism rather than scientific accuracy
is of importance here so a simplistic practical solution is
best.


A    Ansuz
B    Berkana
C    Kano
D    Dagaz
E    Ehwaz
F    Fehu
G    Gebo
H    Hagalaz
I    Isa
J    Jera
K    Kano
L    Laguz
M    Mannaz
N    Nauthiz
Ng   Inguz
O    Othila
P    Perth
Q    Kano
R    Raido
S    Sowelo
T    Tiewaz
Th   Thurisaz
U    Uruz
V    Fehu
W    Wunjo
X    Algiz
Y    Eiwaz
Z    Algiz

Optional:
Ck   Kano   (hard C, as above)
Cz   Algiz  (soft C)

It can be seen here that some Runestaves, especially Kano,
are a bit overworked as they are being asked to represent a
number of English letters.  This is of no consequence as we
are not contemplating any mystical exercise here, only one
in friendly human relations.  That being said, using an
existing letter to do double duty and also represent a
popular English letter like C can pose some problems in
reading what has been written. For example the words "lace"
and "lake" would be both written using the identical same
Runestaves.  If you would like more precise phonetic
renderings then soft C as in "race" can be written as Algiz
to make reading back easier.  It is easier to get back to
the original word by analyzing the context if the original
word is similar sounding.  If you are using two Runestaves
to represent the letter C then it is also useful to have
some easy way in English to distinguish which phonetic C you
are using.  Hard C (as in cat) can be written as Ck when
talking about it to both show that it is represented by the
Runestave Kano and as a mnemonic that it's sound is like the
ck in quick.  Soft C (as in race) is then Cz to show that it
is represented by the Runestave Algiz and mnemonically that
it is as in the word Czar, part of the English "s, z, soft
c" grouping of similar sounding letters or as in "zoft" C.

It might be a temptation to take this phonetic
rationalization process further such as possibly using Isa
for the consonant Y  and Jera for soft G as in "gentle".
Each of these letters is represented by a single Runestave
and so shouldn't be any more confusing than the English.
Similarly sounds in English that are represented by letter
combinations such as the DG sound as in "judge", soft CH as
in "chose", and SH as in "lash" which can be written as Jera
and the hard CH as in "ache" which once again gets Kano
cannot really justify substitution even if it might simplify
writing for you.  If you do all this for the consonants you
really get into the completely impossible situation of
trying to also find ways to represent all the various vowel
sounds.  Employing extra substitutions is really only
justified if doing so turns you on on a personal basis or if
you are doing extensive writing and being more phonetic
makes it easier for you to recognize the English word.  For
most people this extra substitution just shouldn't be done.


TALISMANS & AMULETS

If you are already writing a person's name in Runestaves
then why not perform some Runic magic and add some good luck
or avertive Runes.  Make the person feel good by telling and
explaining what you are doing.  After all one of the early
important functions of Runes was to carve or draw them on
various objects to bring good fortune, so why not continue
the tradition.  Combining glyphs into one compound figure
makes for a delightful talisman, especially if the chosen
Runes are appropriate to the situation.

By using Runes in talismans you are employing sympathetic
magic, much as in using the Runes in divination.
Sympathetic magic is the practical physical plane
application of the basic Cosmic Law of Attraction of Alikes.

In English we have two common terms for a good luck charm
and it does not seem elegant to confusedly use both of them
when talking from one perspective.  A talisman is something
that has magic powers of protection because of the object
itself or more often for what is written on it.  An amulet
is something worn on the body as protection such as a charm
or inscription in a locket, etc.  The first word is of
Germanic origins while the second is of French origins.
Their meanings aren't really that different so my preference
is to use talisman in keeping with the Germanic origins of
the Runes.  Also talisman does not have the restrictive
connotations of being worn on the person so that this also
makes it a better term to use.

Below is a listing of the Runes and meanings that can be
used for sympathetic magic as in talismans and good luck
messages.

F  Success in studies or to obtain wisdom

U  To clear obstacles and create opportunities

Th To come to the right decision

A  "May the Force be with You"  To send good and helpful
     vibes

R  For safety while traveling

K  To generate strength, self-confidence, and a positive
    attitude

G  To attract or maintain romantic interests

W  Happiness through harmony and contentment

H  To effect major changes

N  Success with long term goals

I  To calm emotions or situations that are getting out of
    hand

J  Success in a new project

Y  Success in resolving problems

P  To find lost things and make financial gain

Z  For protection and security

S  For health, peace of mind, and sexual prowess

T  To succeed over adversity

B  Positive changes related to family or continued
    contentment therewith

E  Strength to do the right thing

M  To obtain positive reinforcement from others

L  Obtain inner guidance or to increase psychic strength

Ng  To culminate a cycle of events or a project

D  For fortunate new beginnings

O  To achieve personal glory or for the team


************************************************************
Section 2    The Runemals
************************************************************

Runemals are tableaus or layouts of Runestones used in
divination.  They are presented here in ascending order of
the simplest Runemal of only one Runestone to one that
involves all twenty five Runestones.  Numbers used (with an
# in front) indicate the order in which Runes are drawn and
then show how they are placed.

How specific an answer you get from a Runemal depends on how
attuned you are to the Runestones.  The more attuned you are
the more specific an answer you will see in them and the
better a feel you will have for what they are saying: or if
you wish to look at it this way, "the more the Runestones
will speak to you."  Attunement is often a factor of how
long and often you have been divining.  It can be a good
exercise to Runecast for yourself daily; bi-weekly (once for
the work week and then again for the week-end); or weekly
with the Candle or the Ravens.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNEMAL:  the CANDLE

Odin is the primary god of the Vikings and is traditionally
represented carrying a magical spear and having only one
eye.  This Runemal of a single Rune can be looked at as
Odin's Rune, as he looks out to see with his one eye.  The
Runemal is named the CANDLE as it is also the RUNE OF
RESOLUTION and takes it's creed from the biblical proverb:
it is better to light one little candle than to curse the
darkness.


INDICATIONS for use of the Candle:

Rune of Resolution: Used with a more complex Runemal to
clarify or give crux or gist of situation (draw after
replacing all Runes). If your efforts ever produce a Runemal
that you cannot easily read, or find confusing, then this is
the time to draw the Rune of Resolution and get a
consolidating overview.

Good as an overview of a situation when just drawn by
itself.

Good in a pressure situation where no time for anything more
complicated.  Do try to find a quiet place to let your mind
calm. Take a deep breath, let it out slowly, count down from
nine while concentrating on the numbers, and then draw the
Rune.


RUNEMAL for the Candle:

###
#1#
###


INTERPRETATION for the Candle:

According to overall theme


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNEMAL:  the RAVENS
Two ravens sit on Odin's shoulder's, Hugin (thought) and
Munin (memory).  Each morning Odin lets them fly across the
world so that in the evening they can come back and whisper
in his ear what they have observed.  Here you see through
both of them to get a complete picture.


INDICATIONS for use of the Ravens:

As a cast for day's events

For most significant happening for up to one week

As a guide to what's happening. E.g.: inquirer is worried
about someone far away

As a basic interpretive unit in a larger Runemal


RUNEMAL for the Ravens:

### ###
#2# #1#
### ###

Place  #1 first
Then place #2 to left of #1
Runes normally read right to left


INTERPRETATION for the Ravens

The story that is told by the two Runes in unison

If nothing comes then use either or both of:
a/ give the #1 the Objective interpretation and the #2  the
    Subjective interpretation
b/ give the #1 a dominant meaning or main theme and the #2 a
    modifying one


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


RUNEMAL:  THOR's TRINITY
The trinity is prominent in many belief systems and so must
be identified as Thor's Trinity here to distinguish it.
Thor is one of the three major deities of the Viking's along
with Odin and Tyr, all of whom are honored by having days of
the week named after them (Thursday, Wednesday, and Tuesday
respectively.)


INDICATIONS for use of Thor's Trinity:

As an analysis of current state of affairs


RUNEMAL of Thor's Trinity:

###    ###    ###
#2#    #1#    #3#
###    ###    ###


INTERPRETATION of Thor's Trinity
And this too shall pass!

#1  The situation as it actually is

#2  Factors  working for inquirer

#3  Factors working against inquirer

N.B.: The #1 stone in Thor's Trinity is the Candle (Odin's
Rune) and gives a general overall opinion as well

NOTE:.  Runestone are represented here as 3X3 boxes of #'s
with the number inside indicating the order in which they
were taken from their container.  They are then referred to
by having "#" in front of the appropriately numbered stone
as done in the above interpretation.


the VALA ORACLE

An interesting implementation of Thor's Trinity is found in
the Vala Oracle.  The Vala (Vella, Volva) was a wise woman
(female shaman, seeress, prophetess) of the mother north
country who was consulted when important decisions had to be
made.  First the number of choices is reduced to either two
or three.  Then a separate Runecast of Thor's Trinity is
made for each choice.  It then a matter of evaluating each
Runemal against the others and picking the choice that has
the most propitious Runecast.  It can be helpful to call the
third choice "something else" or "other" so as to the Runes
a chance to tell you that the best choice is something other
than what you have presented.  It is not normally wise to
consult the Runes more than once a day about any problem but
it is all right to do a second Runecast with a different
Runemal to help clarify a choice that has been made.
WARNING:  the Vala Oracle is an advanced technique as it is
far too easy to read the meanings you want into the Runemals
rather than reading what the Runes reveal.  Beginners should
avoid the Vala Oracle so as not to give false readings!


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNEMAL:   The THREE NORNS
The three sisters of fate named Urd, Verdandi, and Skuld in
the Norse tradition are famous in many variations in as many
belief systems.


INDICATIONS for use of the Three Norns:

Inquirer wants course of action rather than analysis


RUNEMAL for The Three Norns:

### ###    ### ###    ### ###
#6# #5#    #4# #3#    #2# #1#
### ###    ### ###    ### ###

Note that here are three units of the Raven and are referred
to as unit #2/1, unit #4/3, and unit #6/5 for interpretation
purposes.  This nomenclature will be adhered to throughout.


INTERPRETATION of The Three Norns
As it was in the beginning, is now, and shall be, world
without end.

#2/1  URD (was) STONES: how inquirer sees the situation
       and/or where he is coming from

#4/3  VERDANDI (is now) STONES: suggests course of action to
       follow or what action will take place

#6/5  SKULD (shall be) STONES: indicates new situation that
       is currently evolving or best possible outcome


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNEMAL:   The SWORD
TYR's SWORD is the union of THOR's TRINITY and The THREE
NORNS.  Tyr, the son of Odin, is the god of war and the
patron god of the sword.


INDICATIONS for the use of The Sword:

When no question asked

As a detailed answer to a question

As a general cast of most significant events for the coming
fortnight to three full moons past


RUNEMAL for the Sword

    ### ###
    #9# #8#
    ### ###

    ### ###
    #7# #6#
    ### ###

###   ###   ###
#4#   #1#   #5#
###   ###   ###

    ### ###
    #3# #2#
    ### ###


INTERPRETATION of The Sword

#1     The situation as it actually is

#3/2  How inquirer sees situation or where coming from

#4     Forces for

#5     Forces against

#7/6  Course of action or what action will take place

#9/8  New situation or best outcome possible

N. B.
#4 #1 #5   Thor's Trinity
#9/8 #7/6 #3/2  The Three Norns
#1 #3/2  Should be read together to get the situation and
          the inquirer's state of mind


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNEMAL:   The RUNIC CIRCLE

This is Orlog's Runemal of the Sword and the Moat.  Orlog is
a deity of an older dynasty of gods whose name came to mean
fate or destiny and as such it is appropriate that he should
rule over the most comprehensive of the Runemals: Orlog's
Runic Circle.


INDICATIONS for the use of the Runic Circle:

For the balance of the current cycle, which, time and again,
rises like the phoenix from the ashes of the last cycle

N.B.: most often for next three months to year but can be up
to three years

At the commencement of something to show prognosis of its
life cycle


RUNEMAL for the Runic Circle

             ### ###
             #9# #8#
    ### ###  ### ###  ### ###
    #P# #O#           #B# #A#
    ### ###  ### ###  ### ###
             #7# #6#
### ###      ### ###      ### ###
#N# #M#                   #D# #C#
### ###  ###   ###   ###  ### ###
         #4#   #1#   #5#
### ###  ###   ###   ###  ### ###
#L# #K#                   #F# #E#
### ###      ### ###      ### ###
             #3# #2#
    ### ###  ### ###  ### ###
    #J# #I#           #H# #G#
    ### ###           ### ###

Note that we run out of single digit numbers in this Runemal
so that the Runes in the Moat are identified by letters of
the alphabet.


INTERPRETATION of the Runic Circle:

Read Thor's Sword to get main gist

#B/A to #P/O read as a story going around.

Finish with #9/8 as already interpreted

Specific questions can later be answered by looking for
appropriate Runes and seeing how they relate to other
adjacent Runes, by using the House references, or even by
casting other Runemals

N.B.: Great at New Year, birthdays, and new starts of
something


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RUNIC HOUSES

Now that all the possible positions are shown in the Runic
Circle their positions can be named.  The positions are
known as Houses and each House represents its own meaning.
When this meaning is used to provide background to the
Runestone(s) cast on it a more rounded interpretation can be
given.  While Houses are useful, they are also optional to
any Runecast.

Below are listed the position, the name of the House that
that represents, and the meaning of the House.

THE SWORD

#1   Midgard       -the self

#3/2 Urd           -the past

#4   Asgard        -the good

#5   Hell          -the bad

#7/6 Verdandi      -the flow

#9/8 Skuld         -the reward


THE MOAT

#B/A Maiden        -home and family

#D/C King          -life's burden's and gains

#F/E Tiller        -work and career

#H/G Castle        -strife and conquest

#J/I Dragon        -social life and fame

#L/K Knight        -personal development and skills

#N/M Runemeister   -justice and duty

#P/O Bard          -love and spiritual concerns


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

TAROT CROSS-REFERENCE

The ancient divination of the Tarot can be used as an aid to
clarification of the Runic Houses.  While details of the
meanings of each Runic House could be gone into here; this
will be passed on as Houses are an optional aid.  These
Houses relate to the twenty two cards of the Major Arcana of
the Tarot so people wanting to do further study can consult
any of the numerous good books on the Tarot for further
edification

Given below are each Runic House and right below each line
listing the House is the corresponding Tarot card.  The line
for the Tarot card lists it's number first in brackets, the
name of the card, and then a very brief summation of it's
traditional meaning.  Please note that each House in the
Sword has only one Tarot card associated with it.  The
Houses in the Moat however have two very similar meaning
Tarot cards associated with them.  The meaning of each Moat
House is the composite of the two Tarot cards.


THE SWORD

#1   Midgard   -the self
 ( 0) Fool,   Godhead: that around which all else revolves

#3/2 Urd   -the past
 (13) Death,   Leaving of old for new beginnings

#4   Asgard   -the good
 ( 9) Hermit,   Higher guidance, meditation

#5   Hell   -the bad
 (15) Devil,   Temptations

#7/6 Verdandi   -the flow
 (10) Wheel of Fortune,   Change - the vagaries of life

#9/8 Skuld   -the reward
 (21) World,    Reward - the Great Work attained


THE MOAT

#B/A Maiden   -home and family
 ( 3) Empress,    The Earth Mother
 (17) Star,   Health, hope, inspiration

#D/C King   -life's burden's and gains
 ( 4) Emperor,   Power, authority
 ( 1) Magician,   Control, willpower


#F/E Tiller   -work and career
 ( 7) Chariot,   Triumph over problems
 (19) Sun,   Success through labours

#H/G Castle   -strife and conquest
 (16) Tower,   Upsetting forces
 (18) Moon,   Unforeseen danger, deception

#J/I Dragon   -social life and fame
 (14) Temperance,   Harmony, adaptation
 (11) Strength   Courage, spiritual power

#L/K Knight   -personal development and skills
 (12) Hanged Man,   A time of reflection, advancement
 (20) Judgment,   New awareness, spiritual union

#N/M Runemeister   -justice and duty
 ( 5) High Priest,   Ritual law, formality
 ( 8) Justice,   Legality, accountability

#P/O Bard   -love and spiritual concerns
 ( 2) Priestess,   Unseen influences, intuition
 ( 6) Lovers,    Love, harmony, balance



************************************************************
Section 3    The Runes
************************************************************

The Runes are here examined individually for their use in
Runemals.

First the old Germanic name of the Rune is given in capital
letters.  The next  line gives the translation of its name
along with further clarifications of its meaning to make it
clear to a modern reader.  This is necessary as connotations
change over time along with culture.

We then have two statistical pieces of information, the
English equivalent letter of the Rune and its formal
position in the aettir.  For more information on using Runes
to write English words please see the first Section under
"The Runic Alphabet."  Explanations of the importance and
meaning of the aettir is also given in the first Section.

Each Runestave is then rendered in ASCII using #'s as
building blocks.  Runes were all carved or drawn as
combinations of straight lines so a passable job is
accomplished here.  Please pay no attention to the
respective sizes of the different Runes as rendered here as
it has no significance, other than what was easy to do in
ASCII.  The original Runes did not follow a formal code of
exact size or proportion.  When you are writing them do try
to keep the Runes roughly the same height as this is
traditional with how they were written.

The final section after each Runestave deals with the Rune's
esoteric meaning as used in divination.  Each Rune has a
basic theme that is listed as its Fundamental Meaning.  This
Fundamental meaning comes from it's Esoteric meaning which
is ameliorated by it's position in the aett.  To make
interpretation easier this theme is then broken down into an
Objective Interpretation and a Subjective Interpretation as
secondary meanings.  The secondary themes add scope, breath
and show range of meaning.

The (primary) FUNDAMENTAL MEANING is always read in
conjunction with the secondary interpretations to get the
full rounded meaning.
The (secondary) OBJECTIVE INTERPRETATION is outer directed.
The (secondary) SUBJECTIVE INTERPRETATION is inner directed

A Runestone can be drawn from it's container with the
Runestave either upright or upside down.  The meanings
change according to which end is up.  The upright and
reversed secondary interpretations can be looked at as poles
of a continuum and are given here.  The reverse of
Fundamental meanings is not listed but means there will be
problems with the theme, or going through problems in
connection with the theme.  In general a reversed Rune is
fundamentally an indication of strong change of direction
and since it is human nature to find change upsetting the
connotation of a reversed Rune is most often negative,  but
it need not be.  Whether a Rune has a positive or negative
connotation and where it's meaning might be along a
continuum is mediated as being part of a total Runemal.

Please refer back to the previous section and the Runemal
called The Ravens to see the practical application of the
two secondary meanings.  The Ravens is an important basic
building block of all following Runemals and so the two
secondary meanings are of great importance.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

FEHU
Cattle; currency, common wealth
Letter: F
Freyja's Eight  1 of 8

#   #
#  #
# #  #
##  #
#  #
# #
##
#
#
#

SUCCESS  (Fehu, Fundamental)
Ultimate achievement on the worldly plane.

PROSPERITY  (Fehu, Upright Objective)
Material wealth as strived for.  Gain or conquest if the
course already embarked on is adhered to.

GEMUTLICHKEIT  (Fehu, Upright Subjective)
Since "wealth" is relative, emotionally: the good life,
contentment, fulfillment.

CALAMITY  (Fehu, Reversed Objective)
Loss or failure if the course already embarked upon is
adhered to.

ENTROPY  (Fehu, Reversed Subjective)
You watch helplessly as things dwindle away around you.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

URUZ
Wild ox, auroch, Rune of Passage
Letter: U
Freyja's Eight  2 of 8

##
#  #
#    #
#      #
#      #
#      #
#      #
#      #

PASSAGES  (Uruz, Fundamental)
Turning point, almost at ultimate success but still some
work to do.

OPPORTUNITY  (Uruz, Upright Objective)
Some sacrifice may be necessary but go boldly, your soul and
the universe support the change.

PASSAGE  (Uruz, Upright Subjective)
You are at the climax of some experience and ready to break
through.

REPRESSION (Uruz, Reversed Objective)
An opportunity missed or one that should be passed up.

BLOCKAGE  (Uruz, Reversed Subjective)
Movement that appears blocked.  Opportunity is at hand and
should not be ignored.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

THURISAZ
Thorn
Letter: Th
Freyja's Eight  3 of 8

#
#
#
##
# #
#  #
#   #
#    #
#   #
# #
##
#
#
#

DECISION  (Thurisaz, Fundamental)
Still some planning to do before you can go into action.

JUDGMENT  (Thurisaz, Upright Objective)
You are missing something so take stock of your situation
and consolidate your position before attempting any further
progress.

INTROSPECTION  (Thurisaz, Upright Subjective)
Time for contemplation and rethinking your attitudes.

REPERCUSSION  (Thurisaz, Reversed Objective)
There is not much helping it.  A hasty or bad decision which
will cause regret.

PERVERSENESS  (Thurisaz, Reversed Subjective)
A bad attitude which causes problems


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ANSUZ
Mouth, the spoken word, message from the gods
Letter: A
Freyja's Eight  4of 8

##
# #
#  #
##  #
# #  #
#  #
#   #
#
#
#

LUCUBRATION  (Ansuz, Fundamental)
Ideas and thoughts but not yet any direction.

ENLIGHTENMENT  (Ansuz, Upright Objective)
Education and or knowledge imparted to inquirer by older
person or one more knowledgeable in the ways of the world or
spirit.

INSIGHT  (Ansuz, Upright Subjective)
You see someone or something in a new light.

MISGUIDANCE  (Ansuz, Reversed Objective)
Biased advise and misinformation.

MALENTENDU  (Ansuz, Reversed Subjective)
Misunderstanding


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

RAIDO
A long journey on horseback
Letter: R
Freyja's Eight  5 of 8

##
# #
#  #
#   #
#    #
#   #
#  #
# #
##
# #
#  #
#   #
#    #

JOURNEY  (Raido, Fundamental)
Physical, mental and emotional movement.

TRAVEL  (Raido, Upright Objective)
A journey with positive connotations.  E.g.: a trip for
pleasure or one which will bring happiness.

QUEST  (Raido, Upright Subjective)
A quest to change.  E.g.: greater self-realization,
emotional health.

PORTAGE  (Raido, Reversed Objective)
A journey with negative connotations.  E.g.: difficulties on
a journey, one that interferes with plans, an unpleasant
journey or one for an unpleasant reason.

OBSESSION  (Raido, Reversed Subjective)
A misguided quest or one for evil intent.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

KANO
Torch, fire
Letter:  K
Freyja's Eight  6 of 8

     #
    #
   #
  #
 #
#
 #
  #
   #
    #
     #

ARRIVALS  (Kano, Fundamental)
Coming to where you should be.

OPENING  (Kano, Upright Objective)
Opening up of a situation or relationship.

AWAKENINGS  (Kano, Upright Subjective)
You will see new possibilities.

CONSTRICTION  (Kano, Reversed Objective)
A closing down, limiting, a parting (friend or lover), a
worsening (situation).

LIMITATIONS  (Kano, Reversed Subjective)
Recognize that all opportunities are not for us, not open to
us.  (Not lost opportunities, just all not possible.)


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

GEBO
A gift, offerings from gods or chiefs to loyal followers
Letter: G
Freyja's Eight  7 of 8

#         #
 #       #
  #     #
   #   #
    # #
     #
    # #
   #   #
  #     #
 #       #
#         #

SETTLEMENTS  (Gebo, Fundamental)
Entrenching into a new something

UNIONS  (Gebo, Objective)
A union, uniting, engagement, wedding, or partnership of
some form.

ATTUNEMENT  (Gebo, Subjective)
Coming together with your levels.  E.g.: finding out
something about yourself.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

WUNJO
Bliss, absence of suffering and sorrow
Letter: W
Freyja's Eight  8 of 8

##
# #
#  #
#   #
#    #
#   #
#  #
# #
##
#
#
#
#

BLISS  (Wunjo, Fundamental)
Enjoyment of that which is.

GLORY  (Wunjo, Upright Objective)
Things around you are going well and bring happiness.

HAPPINESS  (Wunjo, Upright Subjective)
Satisfaction with self.  A term of travail is ended and you
have "come to yourself" in some regard.

VICISSITUDE  (Wunjo, Reversed Objective)
A crises or difficult passage, even if brief, is at hand.

FRUSTRATION  (Wunjo, Reversed Subjective)
Your best efforts produce slow progress but no resolution.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

HAGALAZ
Hail, natural forces
Letter: H
Hagal's Eight  1 of 8

#    #
#    #
#    #
##   #
# #  #
#  # #
#   ##
#    #
#    #
#    #

DISRUPTIVE forces  (Hagalaz, Fundamental)
Serious changes in things around you.

UPSETS  (Hagalaz, Objective)
Natural forces outside control and self.

CAUTION  (Hagalaz, Subjective)
Delay plans as time is not right for their execution.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

NAUTHIZ
Need
Letter: N
Hagal's Eight  2 of 8

    #
#   #
 #  #
  # #
   ##
    ##
    # #
    #  #
    #   #
    #
    #
    #
    #

TRYING forces  (Nauthiz, Fundamental)
Things can be changed but only with great difficulty.

RESTRAINT  (Nauthiz, Upright Objective)
A warning for restraint.  Keep within your abilities,
financial and otherwise.  There will be hold-ups, reasons to
reconsider your plans carefully.

PERSEVERANCE  (Nauthiz, Upright Subjective)
The building of character.  The need or necessity which
drives people to accomplish impossible deeds.

HARDSHIPS  (Nauthiz, Reversed Objective)
You must undergo the dark side of your passage.  There are
troubles on the path of life from which to learn.  There is
no lightening the load.

DISTRESS  (Nauthiz, Reversed, Subjective)
Failure because of your personal weakness.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ISA
Ice, that which cools or impedes
Letter: I
Hagal's Eight  3 of 8

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RETARDING forces  (Isa, Fundamental)
Problems that will upset the way things are going.

IMPEDIMENTS  (Isa, Objective)
A cooling off or impediment of some sort.  Positive
accomplishment is unlikely now.  Can also signify the ending
of something.

COOLING  (Isa, Subjective)
A waning of enthusiasm in emotional or career matters.
Emotion pain.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

JERA
One year, harvest
Letter: J
Hagal's Eight  4 of 8

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DELAYING forces  (Jera, Fundamental)
Positive results, but not yet.  Time must run it's course.

POSTPONEMENTS  (Jera, Objective)
Encourages you to keep your spirits up, however no quick
results are to be expected.  Beneficial outcomes, but always
a span of time.

CULTIVATE  (Jera, Subjective)
Plant / cultivate and success will follow.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

EIWAZ
Yew tree, bow made from, so defense against danger
Letter: Y
Hagal's Eight  5 of 8

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AVERTIVE forces  (Eiwaz, Fundamental)
Problems that are being overcome by hard work.

RESOLUTION  (Eiwaz, Objective)
An inconvenience that will work out for the better.  Solving
a problem where action has been dormant for some time.

FORTITUDE  (Eiwaz, Subjective)
Don't pull away from problems, flow with them.  It is
important not to collapse into your emotions.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

PERTH
Shaker, a cup for divination as in casting lots
Letter: P
Hagal's Eight  6 of 8

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FORTUITOUS forces  (Perth, Fundamental)
Things that happen unexpectedly from forces beyond you.

SERENDIPITY  (Perth, Upright Objective)
Unearned gain and pleasant surprises.  Finding lost
articles; a second chance at relationships, careers,
opportunities.

EXPECTATIONS  (Perth, Upright, Subjective)
You will receive more than you expected.

APPREHENSION  (Perth, Reversed Objective)
Unpleasant surprises and darker  deeds perpetrated against
you.

REMORSE  (Perth, Reversed Subjective)
You expected too much and will be disappointed.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

ALGIZ
Amber, heal pebble
Letter: Z
Hagal's Eight  7 of 8

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TRIUMPHAL forces  (Algiz, Fundamental)
You will succeed because of both hard work and luck.

ATTAINMENT  (Algiz, Upright Objective)
Fortunate new influences.  Feel secure about new
opportunities and challenges.  E.g.: about career, but
expect to use your mind and have to study.

PERSISTENCE  (Algiz, Upright Subjective)
Patience, resoluteness and foresight are called for here.
You'll get the breaks, just keep at it.

VULNERABILITY  (Algiz, Reversed Objective)
An offer or person to be refused or avoided so look
carefully at all associations you form at this time.

WEAKNESS  (Algiz, Reversed Subjective)
You will want to take the path that appears easier rather
than stick it out with the correct one.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

SOWELO
Sun
Letter: S
Hagal's Eight  8 of 8

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#

LIFE FORCE  (Sowelo, Fundamental)
All is secure and stable.

PROTECTION  (Sowelo, Objective)
Curing of troubles.  Don't worry, be happy!  Often related
to health, tension, worry.  A time for recharging.  You need
a rest.

ENTHUSIASM  (Sowelo, Subjective)
The fierce drive from within.  E.g.: the path you must
follow, not from ulterior motives but from the essence if
your individuality.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

TIEWAZ
Tyr, god of war
Letter: T
Tyr's Eight  1 of 8

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#    #    #
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MANHOOD  (Tyr, Fundamental)
Dealing with the vagaries of life, as in a warrior fighting
the battle of life. Also can mean you, yourself.

MAN  (Tyr, Upright Objective)
Physical stamina and moral strength.  E.g.: a major
happening for the inquirer; could even be a serious romance.
A significant male.

DETERMINATION  (Tyr, Upright Subjective)
High energy.  E.g.: strength of will and competitive spirit
to a cause, project, or path of conduct.

MISCREANCY  (Tyr, Reversed Objective)
Falling into misguided ways.

MALAISE  (Tyr, Reversed Subjective)
An impeded flow of energy.  E.g.: doldrums, inactivity, a
bareness of ideas, impotence, infertility, sterility.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

BERKANA
Birch tree
Letter: B
Tyr's Eight  2 of 8

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#   #
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##
# #
#  #
#   #
#    #
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##

RELATIONS  (Berkana, Fundamental)
Dealing with your significant others,  the people close to
you.

FAMILY  (Berkana, Upright Objective)
Close family, relatives, significant others.  Family
gatherings and events (birth, marriages, etc.)

NURTURING  (Berkana, Upright Objective)
Bring along the growth of an idea or undertaking, especially
at its early stages.

ANXIETY  (Berkana, Reversed Objective)
A worry about potential miscarriages, abortions, divorce;
worrying news about family.

REGRESSION  (Berkana, Reversed Subjective)
Whatever you try just seems to aggravate people and make the
situation worse.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

EHWAZ
A horse (ownership a sign of status; e.g. how your peers see
you)
Letter: E
Tyr's Eight  3 of 8

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#  #   #  #
#   # #   #
#    #    #
#         #
#         #
#         #

STATUS  (Ehwaz, Fundamental)
Things that matter to you.

POSSESSIONS  (Ehwaz, Upright Objective)
Changes in things (as opposed to people) important to you.
Can be intangible, as a change in domicile.

COMMITMENTS  (Ehwaz, Upright Subjective)
Be attentive to your responsibilities, do not digress and
success will follow.  Worry about doing rather than outcome.

PRIVATION  (Ehwaz, Reversed Objective)
Loss of things or inability to obtain them.

DIGRESSION  (Ehwaz, Reversed Subjective)
You are lax or derelict in your duties and will have to
suffer the consequences.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

MANNAZ
Mankind, the community
Letter: M
Tyr's Eight  4 of 8

##     ##
# #   # #
#  # #  #
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#  # #  #
# #   # #
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OTHERS  (Mannaz, Fundamental)
Dealings with people other than those close to you.
Community at large.

COMMUNITY  (Mannaz, Upright Objective)
Expect to receive assistance and co-operation from those
around you.  It is objective, honest, reliable and may even
be altruistic.

MATURITY  (Mannaz, Upright Subjective)
Contacts with the outside world which will enhance the
inquirer's perspective.

ISOLATION  (Mannaz, Reversed Objective)
Do not hope to rely on help or friendly support as loss or
breach of trust or loyalty is implied.

MEDITATION  (Mannaz, Reversed Subjective)
A period of self-isolation and detachment from life so that
ideas can be nurtured because no outside help can be
expected.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

LAGUZ
Water, fluidity, conduction, intuition
Letter: L
Tyr's Eight  5 of 8

##
# #
#  #
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#    #
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#
#
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#

BEGINNINGS  (Laguz, Fundamental)
The igniting force that brings life to new projects.

WOMAN  (Laguz, Upright Objective)
A guiding and protective influence.  A significant female.

INTUITION  (Laguz, Upright Subjective)
Look to intuition for the answer.  E.g.: a revelation
received through intuition, sudden inspiration, or a dream.

TEMPTATION  (Laguz, Reversed Objective)
Elements that arouse desire.  E.g.: a temptress who will
disrupt the inquirer's life and bring many complications.

MISTAKES  (Laguz, Reversed Subjective)
A failure to draw on wisdom of instinct or a situation where
"feelings" drew inquirer into wrong situation.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

INGUZ
God Ing
Letter: Ng
Tyr's Eight  6 of 8

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      #

REALIZATIONS  (Ng, Fundamental)
Constructive forces, especially from within, to do things.

FERTILITY  (Ng, Objective)
Children, fertility, birth, a new...

PROACTIVITY  (Ng, Subjective)
The force is available to achieve completion, resolution, of
a project or state of mind.  It is timely and important to
do it now.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

DAGAZ
Day, summer solstice
Letter: D
Tyr's Eight  7 of 8

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# #       # #
#  #     #  #
#   #   #   #
#    # #    #
#     #     #
#    # #    #
#   #   #   #
#  #     #  #
# #       # #
##         ##

DAWNING  (Dagaz, Fundamental)
Unveilings and growth.  The coming out of self or the
resolution of projects.

GROWTH  (Dagaz, Objective)
Major period of, or breakthrough, growth; especially in
achievement, prosperity and success.  Darkness is behind
you, daylight has come.

TRANSITION  (Dagaz, Subjective)
A complete insight, transition or change of mind which is
strong enough to result in a change of actions or lifestyle.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

OTHILA
Legacy
Letter: O
Tyr's Eight  8 of 8

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#           #

LEGACY  (Othila, Fundamental)
How other regard you; the final ramifications of your
actions.

RECOGNITION  (Othila, Upright Objective)
Personal recognition.  E.g.: graduations, diplomas, awards,
promotions, etc.  Often equates to major material
possessions. E.g.: real estate, great wealth.

PERSONA  (Othila, Upright Subjective)
Positive reinforcement of worth.

REASSESSMENTS  (Othila, Reversed Objective)
Don't be bound by old traditions or conditioning.

NOTORIETY  (Othila, Reversed Subjective)
Negative reinforcement of worth.


* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

WYRD
Fate, the Three Norns
Letter: None
Is outside the three aettir

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FATE  (Wyrd, Fundamental)
Imminent contact with your true destiny, which, time and
again rises like the phoenix from the ashes of what we call
fate.

DESTINY  (Wyrd, Objective)
Indicates events which are predestined or inevitable and
cannot be changed.

UNDISCLOSED  (Wyrd, Subjective)
Things or events not to be disclosed for inquirer's own
good.


************************************************************
Mission Statement
************************************************************

MISSION  STATEMENT

Don't know why I am the chosen one but I have been given
insight into the inner workings of the Runes.  To share this
insight this text is presented as freeware.  Isn't it nice
to see that word, freeware, a rarity these days.  This is a
complete work on divination in a northern European
tradition, nothing else is needed.  What is here written was
done while keeping the limitations of ASCII in mind; so
while it is not necessarily a pretty presentation of a
visual art, it does convey all that is needed.

Tried hard to make everything clear but people are very
different, so I'm also providing a support service for those
who are interested.  This would help those who want to take
Runes seriously and get deeper into them because while
complete, the text here only covers the basics and doesn't
do much to work though sample examples.  Some time in the
future I may be able to answer all questions gratis but for
now I will weed out the serious from bored gawkers by asking
subscriptions for nine months of support and consultation at
a modest and fair $ 47.00 US.  N.B.: this is not, repeat
not, for my Interpretation or Runecasting services, only an
educational support service on how to Runecast by the
methods described here.  For subscribing, to show my
appreciation of your interest, I will send you absolutely
free the following welcoming package:

          Letter of Welcome
          A hard copy version of this text
          Photocopy ready copies of forms suggested
          A 3 1/2 high density disc containing:
              A MS Word (V 6.0) for Windows version
              A WordPerfect for DOS version
              A WordStar (V5.0) for DOS version
              The ASCII text version (for other word
               processors)
              TrueType Rune fonts  (Shareware, not mine)

These are all things that should make life easier,
especially the forms as it can be time consuming and
frustrating making your own.

The address is:

    Oyar Mickevics
    406-2070 Camilla Road
    Mississauga, Ontario
    CANADA    L5A 2J7


A special offer to people who subscribe to the support
service for helping in passing this information on.  Details
of how to get a free Runecast and Interpretation from me
(worth much more than the cost of support subscription) will
be sent with the above welcoming package.

To everyone else:  if you got this file from a BBS (or
otherwise) please feel free to pass copies on and post it on
other boards.

March 1995  (C)

************************************************************
May the Force be with You!
************************************************************
************************************************************